Generally, all persons who are considered employees under the ”usual common law rules applicable in determining the employer-employee relationship” are covered by Social Security . This definition is discussed in Paragraphs 3.10 Definition of Employee for schools and 3.60 Definition of Employee in other than schools.
There are a limited number of exceptions:
Election Judges and Workers Paid Less than $1,000 per Calendar Year
Patients and Inmates in Hospitals, Nursing Homes, and Other Institutions